Types of Herbicides Used in Vietnam and Manufacturers

Name [N]: Afalon CLASS/LABEL [C/L]: HERB (CAUTION)
CHEMICAL NAME [CN]: 50% N-(3,4 dichlorophenyl)-N-methoxy mentheusea.
USED FOR [UF]: Selective weed control
MANUFACTURER [MFG]:
USED BETWEEN [UB]: 1967 Australian tests
AMOUNT USED [AU]: Under 5 gals

N: AGENT BLUE
C/L: HERB (CAUTION)
CN: Hydroxydimethylarsin Oxide (cacodylate adic)
UF: Rice crop destruction and to kill grass and bamboo
MFG: Ansul Company
UB: 64-71
AU: 2,166,656 gals

N: AGENT GREEN
C/L: HERB (WARNING)
CN: n-butyl ester of 2,4,5-T
UF: Defoliation of jungle cover
MFG: Bayer A G, Dow Chem, Union Carbide
UB: 62-64
AU: 8,2O8 gals

N: Agent Orange
C/L: HERBCIDE (Caution)
CN: A 50/50 mixture of n-butyl ester of 2,4,-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid
    and 2,4,5,-Trichlorophenoxy Acetic acid
UF: Defoiliation of jungle cover
MFG: Hercules Inc, Dow Chem, Diamond Shamrock, TH Agriculture & Nutrition
     Co, Thompson Chem Corp. Mansanto Co, Uniroyal Inc
UB: 1964 and 4-70
ANT USED: 10,316,929 gals

N: Agent Orange II
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: A 50/50 mixture of n-butyl esters of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid
    and issocytl ester of 2,4,5-T
UF: Defoliation of jungle cover
MFG: Miller Chem & Fertilzer, Union Carbide, Vertac, Dow Chemical,
Diamond
     Shamrock, ICIANZ
UB: 68-69
AU: 950,000 gals

N: Agent Pink
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy acetic acid
UF: Defoliation of jungle cover
MFG: Dow Chem, Union Carbide
UB: 62-64
AU: 122,800 gal

N: Agent Purple
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: A 50/30/20 mixture of n-butyl ester of 2,4-D, n-butyl, N-butyl 2,4,5-T,
    and Iso-butyl 2,4,5-T
UF: Forest defoliation
UB: 1962-64
MFG: Union Carb, Diamond Shamrock, Dow Chem
AU: 145,000 gal

N: Agent White
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: a 20/80 mixture of the triisopropanolimine salts of picloram and 2,4-D
    acid
UF: Forest defoliation
MFG: Dow Chem, Union Carbide
UB: 66-71
AU: 5,264,129 gal

N: Agral
C/L: Wetting agent (None)
CN: Nonylophenolethylene oxide condensate
UF: A wetting and spreading agent for herb's
MFG: ICI Plant Protection Div
UB: 67
AU: 12,500 gal

N: Aldrin
C/L: Inscticde (Warning)
CN: 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexocholor-1,4,4a,5,8,8a,-hexahydroexo 1-4-endo-5,8,-
    dimethanonnnaphthale not less the 95%
UF: primarily to control insects
MFG: Shell Chem
UB: 72-73
AU: 15,400 pounds [lbs]

N: Axodrin - 5
C/L: Insct (Danger, poison)
CN: Dimethyl phosphate of 3-hydroxy-N-methyl-cis-croto-namide, or 0,
    0-dimethyl-0-(2 methylcarbamoyl-1-methyl-vinyl) phosphate, or
    Phosphoric acid, dimethyl 1-methyl-E-methylamino)-3-oxo-1-propenyl
    ester
UF: USAID fram prog insct used on potatoes, cotton, rice, a very stable
    toxic mat'l
UF: control of flies, thrips, bollworms, and aphids
MFG: Crystal Chem Inter-America
UB: 72-73
AU: 213,850 lbs

N: Danex
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 20% solution of 2-methoxy 3-6-dichlorobenzoic acid
UF: Nonselective grass and weed killer
MFG: ICIANZ
UB: 67 Australian test
AU: under 5 gal

N: BHC
C/L: Insct (Warning)
CN: 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexahlorcyclohexane; aka benzene hexachloride
UF: Control of pests in cereals and sugar beets. Production or use of BHC
    is prohibited in the US by the EPA
MFG: Hooker Chem; Woolfolk Chem
UB: 72-73
AU: 275,575 lbs

N: Bidran
C/L: Insct (Danger/Poison)
CN: Phosphoric acid, di-methyl 1-methyl-n, n-(dimethyl-amion)-3-oxo-1
    ppropenyl ester, (E)-isomer-(9CI); or dimethyl phosphate of 3-hydroxy-
    N-N-dimethyl-cis-crotonamide; or 2-dimethyl cis-2 dimethyl-carbamol-1-
    methylvinyl phosphate
UF: USAID farm prog insct used for the control of pests on cotton and
    control of ticks
MFG: Shell Chem
UB: 72-73
AU: 84,800 lbs

N: Binoctal
C/L: Medication (Prescription)
CN: A headache medication containing 50 meg of amytal (tradename for
    amobarbital, a sedative and hypnotic) and 70mg of seconal (tradename
    for secobarbital, a short acting barbitrate)
UF: A French headache medicine, available without prescription in V'nam: when
    abused, it led to persistent neurological disorders, sudden aggression,
    personality changes, and disorientation
MFG: A French product
UB: 62 and 75
AU: unk

N: Borate Chlorate
C/L: Herb (Warning/Danger)
CN: Sodium tetraborate dechydrate and Na Cl O2
UF: A non-selective herb and soil sterilant
MFG: Kerr-McGee Chem Corp (Australian)
UB: 67
AU: 4,500 lbs (estimated)

N: Bromacil
C/L: Herb (Caution/Warning)
CN: 5-Bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyuracil
UF: weed and brush killer
MFG: Hopkins Agriculture
UB: 68-69
AU: 16,500 lbs

N: Butoxone 80
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 80% butyl ester of 2,3,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid
UF: Defoliant
MFG: ICIANZ
UB: 67 Australian tests
AU: 44,100 lbs

N: Cacodylic Acid (Phytar 138)
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: Hydroxydimethylarsin oxide or dimethylarsinic acid
UF: grass, bamboo, and rice crop destruction
MFG: Ansul Co
UB: 62-64
AU: 10,000 lbs

N: Carbaryl (Selvin)
C/L: Insct (Caution/Poison)
CN: 1-Naphthyl N-methylcarbamate
UF: control of insect pests on field crops, trees, poultry and pets
MFG: Union Carbide Agriculture Products Co, Inc
UB: 72-73
AU: 72,750 lbs

N: Chlorfurazole 8
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 20% sodium salt of 4,5-dichloro-2-trifluro-methyl benzimidazole
UF: Herb
MFG: Fisons
UB: 67 Australian tests
AU: under 50 gals

N: Chlordane
C/L: Insct (Warning)
CN: 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachlor-2,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-4,6-methanoindane
UF: Sprayed for cockroach, termite, tick, and flea control, Banned by the
    EPA in 75 for all domestic use
MFG: PPG Industries
UB: 62-72
AU: 50,000 gals

N: Cresote (Coal Tar)
C/L: Wood preservative (Caution)
Chem Properties: Relatively insoluble in H2O
UF: wood preservative possessng a high toxicity to wood destroying
    organisms and a low rate of evaporation
MFG: Crowley Tar Products Co; Koopers Co Inc Organic Mat'ls; Los Angeles
     Chemical Co
UB: 62-71
AU: Unk

N: 2,4, D Acid
C/L: Herb (Warning)
CN: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyaceti acid
UF: Defoliant; also used in Agents Orange, White, Purple, and as a separate
    defoliant
MFG: Miller Chem & Fertilizer; Union Carbide; Vertac; Dow Chem; Diamond
     Shamrock
UB: 72-73
AU: 815,000 lbs

N: 2,4-D Ester
C/L: Herb (Warning)
CN: A compound formed by the union of an organic acid and an organic base
    (an alcohol). An example is 2,4-D & isoocytyl alcohol to form the
    isooctyl ester of 2,4-D
UF: Defoliation of forest canopy
MFG: Miller Chem & Fertilizer; Union Carbide; Vertac; Dow Chem; Diamond
     Shamrock; ICIANZ
UB: 62-70 in AO mixes; 72-73 as a separate herb; 67 Australian tests
AU: 224,870 lbs (72-73)

N: DDT
C/L: Insct (Caution)
CN: Dichloro, Diphenyl, Trichloroethane
UF: Dusted to control rat fleas in quarters
MFG: Montrose Chemical; Diamond Shamrock
UB: 72-73
AU: 2,253,100 lbs

N: DDVP
C/L: Insct (Danger/Poison)
CN: 2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate
UF: Dusted to control rat fleas in quarters and pests in stored grain
MFG: Hopkins Agriculture
UB: 72-73
AU: 674,600 lbs

N: Dalapon
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 2,2-Dichlorpropionic acid
UF: effective against annual grasses and brushes
MFG: Dow Chem; Crystal Chem; Bayer
UB: 72-73; 67 Australian tests
AU: 121,250 lbs

N: Dapsone
C/L: Medication
CN: 4-4' Diraminodipheylsufon
UF: An experimental anti-malaria drug used in combat areas in 67-69.
    Dapson is the drug of choice for treatment of Hansens disease (Leprosy)
MFG:
UB: 67-69
AU: Unk

N: DEET
C/L: Insct Repellant (Caution)
CN: N,N-Diethyl-m-Toluamide
UF: Insect repellant, personal and clothing
MFG: Chemical Formulators; Hercules
UB: 62-73
AU: Unk

N: Del Defoliant 21
C/L: Herb
CN:
UF: A defoliant preparation intended for causing leaves to drop from crop
    plants such as cotton, soybeans or tomatoes, usually to facilitate
    harvest. Used as a fire base defoliant
MFG: Australian
UB: 67-69
AU: over 44,100 lbs

N: Diazinoh
C/L: Insct (Caution)
CN: O,O-Diethyl O (2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothiote
UF: Principality used for control of soil insects, also in rice pesticide
    control
MFG: Ciba-Geigy Corp Agricultural Div
UB: 72-73
AU: 1,016,320 lbs

N: Dibrom
C/L: Insct (Danger)
CN: 1,2-Dibromo-2,2-Dichloroethyl dimethyl phosphate
UF: Araricide insct used on numerous crops, flies, and in food processing
    plants
MFG: Chevron Chem Co; Ortho Agricultural
UB: 72-73
AU: 520,285

N: Dieldrin
C/L: Insct (Warning)
CN: Hexachloro-epoxy-octahydroendo,exo-dimethanonaph thalene (principal
    constituent, known as HEOD), with not over 15% related compounds
UF: Insect control around quarters
MFG: Shell Internat'l
UB: 64-71
AU: 11,025 lbs

N: Diquat
C/L: Herb (Warning)
CN: 1,1'-2-2'-Bipyridylium ion: or 6, 7-dihydrodipyridol (1,2-a:2,'1'-c)
    pyrazdiiumion present in formulation as the dibromide monohydrate salt
UF: Defoliant - aquatic weed control
MFG: ICI Plant Protection Div
UB: 67-70; 67 Australian tests
AU: 40,000 lbs

N: Diuron
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 3-(3-4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea
UF: selective broadleaf herb and soil sterilant
MFG: Hopkins Agriculture
UB: 64
AU: under 5 gals

N: EPN
C/L: Insct (Danger)
CN: O-Ethyl O(4-nitrophenyl) phenylohoshonolhioat on ethyl p-nitrophenyl
    theonobenzenephospho
UF: insect control such as rice stem borer and boll weevil
MFG: EI duPont de Nemours & Co Inc
UB: 72-73
AU: 26,450 lbs

N: Endrin
C/L: Insct (Danger)
CN: Hexachloroepoxyactah-endo,endodimethanona-phthalene (principal
    constituent)
UF: Insect control on cotton and small grains
MFG: Velsicol Chem Corp
UB: 72-73
AU: 451,940 lbs

N: Furadan
C/L: Insct (Warning/Danger)
CN: 2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate
UF: insect control in living quarters
MFG: Pillar Internat'l; FMC agricultural Chem Group
UB: 73
AU: 103,620 lbs

N: Gardona
C/L: Insct (Caution)
CN: (Z) isomer of the compound 2-chloro-1-(2,4,5 trichloropheny) vinyl
    dimethyl phosphate
UF: major pests on cotton, corn, and stored grain
MFG: Shell Internat'l Chem Co
UB: 72-73
AU: 26,450 lbs

N: Lindane
C/L: Insct (Warning)
CN: Gamma isomer of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocy-clohexane
UF: a powder used in living quarters for roaches and around rat burrows for
    fleas
MFG: Celamerck Gmbh & Co KG
UB: 72-73
AU: 46,300 lbs

N: Malathion
C/L: Insct (Caution)
CN: O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithoate of diethylmercapto succinate or
    diethylmercaptosucci, S-ester with O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate
UF: roach and pest control in living quarters
MFG: American Cyanamid Co
UB: 72-73
AU: 1,380,080 lbs

N: Maneb
C/L: Fungicide (Caution)
CN: Manganese ethylenebisdithiocar
UF: Blight on tomatoes and potatoes
MFG: Crystal Chem Inter-American; Cumberland Internat'l Co
UB: 72-73
AU: 485,000 lbs

N: Methyl Parathion
C/L: Insct (Danger)
CN: O,O-dimethyl-O-p-nitrophenyl phosphorothioato
UF: broad use insect control
MFG: Kerr McGee Chem
UB: 72-73
AU: 343,920 lbs

N: Mirex
C/L: Insct (Warning)
CN: Dodecachlorooctahydr-1,3,4-metheno-2 N-cyclobuta (cd) pentalene
UF: General purpose insct
MFG: Allied Chem Corp
UB:
AU:

N: Nonuron
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea
UF: Soil Sterilant
MFG: Hopkins Agricultural chem Co
UB:
AU:

N: Paraquat
C/L: Herb (Danger/Poison)
CN: 1,1-dimethyl-4-4'-bipyridinium ion; present as the dichloride salt
   (ICI/Chevron) or dimethyl sulfate salt
UF: Contract herb and dessicant (Extremely toxic)
MFG: Ortho
UB: 67
AU: 330 lbs

N: Phosphamidon
C/L: Insct(Poison)
CN: O,O-dimethyl O-(2-chloro-2-diethylcarbamoyl-1-methyl-vinyl) phosphate
UF: Insect control in quarters, stores, etc
MFG: Chevron Chem Co; Ortho Agricultural Chems Div
UB: 72-73
AU: 41,900 lbs

N: Phosvel
C/L: Insct (Warning)
CN: O-(4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl) O-methylphenlphos phonothioate
UF: Insect control in grain storage and warehouses
MFG: Velsicol Chem Corp
UB: 72-73
AU: 41,900 lbs

N: Icloram
C/L: Herb (Caution/Warning)
CN: 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid
UF: Herb against a wide variety of deep rooted herbaceous weeds and woody
    plants, also used in Agent White
MFG: Dow Chem Co
UB: 66-71
AU: 5,274,129 gals (2,650 lbs in 68)

N: Polybor Chlorate
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 73% disodium octaborate tetrahydrate and 25% sodium chlorate
UF: Non-selective weed and grass killer
MFG: US Borax
UB: 66-67
AU: 68,500 lbs

N: Primatol A
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6 isopropye-amino-1:3:5-trazine
UF: Selective herb
MFG: Geigy
UB: 67 Australian tests
AU: under 5 gals

N: Pyrethrins
C/L: Insct (Caution)
CN: a botanical insct with active principles of pyrethrins, cinerins, and
   jasmolins I and II
UF: Stock, sprays, pet sprays, and food warehouses
MFG: Fairfield American Corp, McLaughlin Gormley King Co; Printiss Drug &
     Chem Co
UB:
AU:

N: Tandex
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: m-(3,3-dimethylureido) phenyl-tert-butylcarbamate
UF: Broad spectrum defoliant for weeds and brush
MFG: FMC Corp
UB:
AU:

N: Trinoxol
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy acetic acid, and 49% butoxy ethanol ester of
    2,4,5-T
UF: Selective herb for brush control
MFG: Union Carbide
UB:
AU:

N: Urox 22
C/L: Herb (Caution/Warning)
CN: 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1-1dimethylureatrichlor
UF: soil sterilant - long lasting
MFG: Hopkins Agricultural Chem Co
UB:
AU:

N: Weedazole
C/L: Herb (Caution)
CN: 3-Amino-1,2,4-traizole
UF: control of annual grasses and broadleaf leaves
MFG: Geigy
UB: 67 Australian tests
AU: under 5 gals

N: Zinc Phosphide
C/L: Rodenticide (Danger/Warning)
CN: Zn3 P2
UF: Mice, rat, rodent control
MFG: Hopkins; Bell Laboratories Inc
UB: 72-73
AU: 99,200

N: Zineb
C/L: Fungicide (Caution)
CN: Zinc ethylenebisdithiocar
UF: control of mites on citrus
MFG: Bayer AG; Farmoplant SPA; FMC Corp Agricultural Chem Group
UB: 72-73
AU: 257,940 lbs